Cooling system for internal-combustion engines



1 l93 0. c. O.-GUERN$EY 1,747,868

COOLING SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES "iled March 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet l I -c5118, I930. c. o. GUERNSEY COOLING SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL GOMBUSTIONBNGINES Filed March 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 1/ ITA zweizz ar" 'c. o. GUERNSEY 1,747,868

COOLING SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed March 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented Feb. 18, 1930 PATENT OFFICE cmnns o. GUERNSEY, on PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA COOLING SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES Application filed March 4,

This invention relates to cooling systems for internal combustion engines used for propelling rail cars.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide an eflicient and reliable cooling system for internal combustion engines;

Another object is to provide a cooling system with a variable capacity that is controlled by the engine speed. 7

By this invention means are provided for controlling the circulation of water through an engine cooling system so that positive circulation of the water will be obtained irrespective of the engine speed and greater circulation of the water will be obtained as the speed of the engine is increasedi My invention further consistsin the construction, arrangement and combination of various parts of which it is composed as will hereinafter be described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the power plant of a rail car showing a cooling system constructed according to my invention;

Fig. 2 is an end view of the structure shown by Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a-plan of the radiator sections;

Fig. 4 is a section taken on the line 44 of Fig. 3, and

Fig. 5 is a section through a portion of the radiator as seen from the line 55of Fig. 3, showing the detail construction of one of the central tanks.

The roof 5 of the car has suspended therefrom a skeleton hanger 6 carrying a pair of inclined radiator sections 7. The radiator sections are disposed longitudinally of the car and are arranged in V-form immediately below the roof thereof, overlying the power plant, which may be, as diagrammatically shown, an internal combustion engine 8.

The radiator sections are each composed of two interconnected cooling units, mounted in suitable frames 9 that are fixed to the hanger 6. a

Each of the cooling units is substantially rectangular, and they are so disposed that one restof the unit.

Between each of the cooling units, the

corner of each unit: will be lower than the 1927. Serial No. 172,770.

frames 9 are cored to portion 10.

A water storage and expansion tank 11 is carried inside of the engine room of the car. This tank has its highest point below the lowest point of the radiator sections.

The engine 8 has a water circulatin pump 12 connected to the bottom of the ta 11 by means of a pipe 13, while the top of the en gine is connected to the lowermost corners of the radiator sections by means of a pipe 14 having branches leading to the several sections.

A pipe 15 connects the central portion 10 of each radiator section to the side of the storage tank 11, while connecting the top of each radiator section with the top of the tank 11 is another pipe line 16. Connected to this latter pipe at any suitable point above the tank is a water supply pipe 17, which projects upwardly through the roof of the car.

The lowermost corner of the central portion 10 of each radiator section is provided providea central tank with a depending flanged opening 18 in which is mounted one end of an angular tube 19. The tube 19 is disposed inside of the central portion 10 and its extremity terminates near the upper end thereof.

Formed in the lower portion of the tube 19 is a relatively small opening 20 providing a restricted outlet passage from the radiator section.

The tube 19 is in communication with the pipe 15 as clearly shown by Fig. 5 and water flowing from the radiator back to the tank 11 will pass from the central portion 10 through the opening 20 as well as through the upper open end of the tube 19 into the pipe 15. The amount of water passing through the radiator is limited to the amount which can flow "through these passages. However, should the central portion 10 completely fill with water, the surplus liquid will be carried off through pipe 16 which is connected to a vent opening 21 in the top of the radiator section above the open end of the tube-19.

The flow of the water will be returned to the tank 11 as soon as the level of the water in the radiator sections reaches the openings 20 in thetubes 19. As long as the water 100 I pacity,

level in the radiator sections does not extend to theopen end of the tube 19 the amount of water returning to the tank 11 is the amount which passes through the openin 20. These openings are as shown,-much sma ler in diameter than the open ends of the tubes and therevfore, when the level of water reaches the upper part of the portion 10 of the radiator sections the return flow will be proportion atel increased.

cans for causing. a forced circulation of air'through the radiator sections includes a fan 22 mounted in an opening 23 in the roof of the car. The fan may be driven by a motor 24. W

The roof of the car, on each side of the radiator sections is provided with grilled openings 25. e

The fan will draw air through the openings 25, and the radiator sections are so disposed that all of the air delivered by the fan must pass through the cooling units of the radiator. Preferably, these cooling units consist of substantially horizontal tubes 26, which are struck by the air which passes through the spaces between the tubes, as shown by arrows, Fig. 2.

In operation, the tank 11 is filled with water to any desired level, such as that indicated by the letter L (Fig. 2) When the engine is started the water is drawn from the tank 11 through the pipe 13, through pump 12 and the engine to the radiator, as indicated by the broken arrows (Figs. 1 and 2). The

tion engines including}a plurality of radiator sections havin water supply inlet and outlet water enters-both ends of the radiators and flows through the tubes 26 to the central tank 10, whence it returns by gravity through the pipes 15 to the tank '11.

The lower 'outlet passages provided by the openings 20 are calibrated and of suflicient capacity to allow the return of only that amount of water which is pumped at a speed below that necessa to throw the water throu h the open en of the tube 19.

Th when the engine is running at reduced speed, and-the pum has reduced cathe difference in. ead between the ump and the outlet side he openin 20 vertically suction side of the is only that from t downward to whatever level 0 expansion tank 11.

The pro ortion of theexp'ansion tankmay be so estab ished that'when the engine is running, th level of the water in the tank will drop below the point indicated by'the letter to some When the engine is'runni'ng at full speed water is in the point, as indicated by the letter tank having a pipe connected to-sai openings 20 are too small to passany considerable portion of the amount of waterwhich can be umped atthe full speed of the engine. As t e tank 11 is posltioned below the lowest point of the radiator, when the engine stops running, the water will drain from the openings in each side thereof, a fan mounted in said top opening, and a radiator suspended from the roof and having substantially horizontal cooling units dis osed in the path of air circulated by said an from the grilled openings through the top opening.

2. The combination with arfinternal combustion engine having a water circulating pump, anexpansion tank onnected' to'said pump, a radiator disposed above said tank, and connected to said engine and said tank, and means substantially directly responsive creasing the volume of the water in said radiator.

3. A cooling system .ports, a chain erbetween said sectionsv and connected thereto and upper and lower assages in said chamber for controlling the ow of water through said sections.

an air suction fan mounted in its roof, a skelefor-internal combuse .95 to the speed of the engine for increasing or deios 4. The combination with a rail car having ton hanger suspended from the roof, a V- shaped radiator-carried by said hanger and disposed below said fan, an internal combusply tank between said engine and radiator,

.110 tion engine below said radiator, a water supmeans connecting said tank with said radiator and said engine whereby water can circulate therebetween, and means governed by the speed of theengine for circulating water through said radiator.

bustion engine having a water circulating pump, a source of water supply, a radiator 6. The combination with an internal com-- a water circulating.

bustiom-engine havin pump and water supp y pipes, an ansion engine he combination with an internal comlevel of water in the said overlying said watersupily and engine, water pump, a radiator disposed above said en e and said tank and having pipe connections therewith, and normally having a water content therein, during the operation of the en- 6 gine, and means for controlling the volume of water in the radiator.

7. The combination with an internal combustion engine having a water circulating pump and Water supply pipe, an expansion 10 tank having a pipe connected to said pump, a radiator disposed above said engine and said tank, pipe connections from said radiator to said tank and from said radiator to said engine, and means. for controlling the volume of water flowing throughthe radiator, said means varying the flow of water through the radiator to increase or decrease the volume of water as the speed of the engine is increased or decreased.

8. A cooling system for internal combustion engines including a plurality of radiator sections having a water supply chamber therebetween, means formed in said chamber for controlling the volume of water passing 5 through said radiator sections, and a closed Water-circuit between said engine, radiator sections, and water supply chamber.

9. A system for cooling water-cooled internal combustion engines, comprising a hollow water-cooling'umt arranged at an angle to the horizontal, a pipe closing the bottom of said unit and extending short of the top thereof and having a small opening near its bottom, said unit being in a closed water-circuit, said circuit being such that water admitted to the cooling unit in comparatively small quantities while the engine is running slow will discharge into the pipe through the opening, while a comparatively large flow 40 of cooling water in running fast will discharge into the pipe through both its upper end and the o enin CBBARLiIS O. GUERNSEY. 

